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How to memorize English vocabulary

2019.11.01
  • The BBP Staff
  • LearningTechniques
  • 2019
Photo by Paul Chilson https:www.pinterest.com/blueump/

Have you ever had trouble remembering new English words, particularly technical terms? When you try to remember new words, how do you usually do that? Here’s one possible effective way of memorizing new words. Let’s have a look through examples of medical English terms.

Before starting, I’ll talk about “Morphology.” In a nutshell, morphology is the study of words. Morphemes are the minimal units of words which have a meaning and cannot be subdivided further. Morphemes have two main types: free and bound. Free morphemes can occur alone and bound morphemes must occur with another morpheme. For example, there’s a word “unimportant.” Can you see this word consists of two morphemes? That’s “un” and “important.” Now, which morpheme is free and which is bound?

 The answer is:
Free morpheme: important
Bound morpheme: un

“Un” is bound because it cannot stand alone though it has a meaning. It must be attached to another morpheme to produce a word. Like “un,” affixes are often the bound morpheme and they will be a key for remembering new words. The popular affixes are prefixes and suffixes. A prefix is added to the front of a word and a suffix is added to the end of a word.

Examples:
Prefix: dis- , com- , re- , mis- , tri- 
Suffix: -able , -ness , -er(or) , -ish , -less

If you have deep knowledge of prefixes and suffixes, it can be a big help to remember new words and increase your vocabulary size.

This is a common strategy for remembering words and it can be applied to storing technical terms as well. Here, technical terms mean “medical English terms.” Medical English terms have a feature, that is; a frequent use of morphemes specialized in the field. Therefore, it can be a shortcut for memorizing medical terms efficiently to know affixes including a prefix and suffix used frequently in the medical field.
Basically, a medical English word consists of:

Prefix + Root + Linking Vowel Sound + Suffix

Because medical English terms are composed in this manner, many of them are long. Therefore, it can be very difficult to remember a meaning without following a pattern. It’s much easier to remember words by breaking a word down into each morpheme.

Example: ar – rhythm – ia

ar- (prefix) rhythm (root) -ia (suffix)
un-, in- heartbeat state of illness

So, arrhythmia means an irregular heartbeat.
In medical English terms, it is often said that prefixes generally show numbers and positions. Roots, which are a core part of a word, generally show body parts including organs. Then, suffixes generally show condition and symptoms. Here are some examples of each morpheme. They are all popular in the medical English terms.

<Prefix>
Meaning
anti- against
dys- difficult, bad
hyper- above, excessive
hypo- under, below
mal- bad, wrong, ill

<Root>
Meaning
abdomin- belly
cardi- heart
dent- tooth
neur- nerve
derm- skin

<Suffix>
Meaning
-gram drawing
-itis inflammation
-oma tumor
-pathy disease
-rrhea flow

It is of course important to have a lot of knowledge about roots as they are core parts of a word but even having knowledge about prefixes and suffixes will help you memorize new words. Moreover, the knowledge about them helps you guess meanings when you face new vocabulary. Here, I showed the examples of medical words, but you can make your own morpheme list based on the field you’re interested in. I hope the way shown in the blog helps you remember new words!

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