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12 .20A smartwatch or fitness trackerWith the spread of smartphones, the number of people who wear a watch has probably decreased. In fact, I do not see many students wearing one in my classes. I also stopped wearing a simple wristwatch at some point after getting a smartphone.However, I see more and more people wearing high-tech gadgets on their wrists recently. Some wear a smartwatch, and others wear a fitness tracker. Are there clear differences between them? In the past, there seemed to be a clearer divide, but they share some common features now. Which one sounds better to buy?A smartwatch is usually more versatile than a fitness tracker. Trackers are usually devices intended to monitor health and physical activities whose features often include steps, heart rate and sleep tracking. Some of the more advanced ones even track stress levels, skin temperature, and breathing rate. Smartwatches usually come with all these features plus even more.Smartwatches are like extensions of smartphones. You can text and answer phone calls on the smartwatch, and some advanced ones allow you to pay train fares like built-in Suica and PASMO. However, more is not always better. Smartwatches are generally more expensive than fitness trackers. Smartwatches also tend to have large displays, which can be uncomfortable on the wrist.After debating which to buy, I actually bought a fitness tracker a few years ago, and I think I made the right choice. It has motivated me off my couch. It tracks my daily activities such as steps taken and calories burned, in addition to my heart rate and sleep. Being able to see how many steps I take every day makes me want to walk more than I usually do. I was once both surprised and excited to see I took more than 16,000 steps on campus. Another feature I really appreciate is sleep tracking. My fitness tracker not only tracks how many hours I sleep but also the amount of time I spend in light, deep, and REM sleep. By syncing my tracker to my smartphone app, I can see my weekly sleep patterns. I have figured out that my brain and body function well when I sleep for about seven hours and a half. I am pretty happy and satisfied with the features of my fitness tracker, but if you want to enjoy more features and can afford one, a smartwatch may be a better choice for you.Photo Credit: PixabayQuizQ1. Does the author have a smartwatch?Q2. What kind of features does the author’s gadget have?Q3. What does the word “versatile” in the third paragraph mean?Scroll down ↓ for the answersA1. NoA2. It tracks steps taken, calories burned, heart rate, and sleepA3. It means “able to be used for many different purposes.”Sachiko Aoki
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12 .06We All Have ChallengesIt can be easy to start feeling sorry for yourself. You have too much homework. You don’t have enough money. You can’t go out to enjoy time with friends because of the Covid situation. It’s natural to feel pessimistic sometimes and wish for a better or easier situation to be in.I guess I am no different than others in that respect. However, recently I came across three stories of hardships that made me realize challenges in our life come in degrees. There are situations more seriously desperate than the one I am presently experiencing.The first story I found in a YouTube video. It was a dramatic recreation of the shipwreck of a man sailing solo across the ocean. He lost his ship in a storm and escaped in a tiny inflatable raft. He had some tools, some floating stills to make fresh water, and some cans of food and water. His raft almost sank once after he accidentally ripped a hole in it. His raft was hit by a large shark. He could sometimes see ships in the distance, but none noticed him. He spent more than a month drifting alone with little or no food. He was desperate, exhausted and lonely. When he was ready to give up, he reached a small island and was found by fishermen.The second story was a book I read about the ‘underground railroad’. This was a name given to the escape routes for slaves during the 1800’s in the United States. The unbelievable hardships experienced by slaves and the dangerous attempts at escape showed the cruelty and inhumane treatment they experienced. Slaves who managed to escape and reach relative safety could often never again see their families who remained in captivity. The stories of struggles of the slaves and the support they received from people who helped them reach freedom were powerful.The last story I also saw on YouTube. It was an interview with a man in America who has survived two attacks by a grizzly bear in the same day. The man encountered a mother bear with two cubs in the forest. After the bear attacked once, it ran away. The man thought he then had a chance to hike back to his car. A short time later the bear returned and again attacked him, severely cutting his head and breaking his arm. After that the bear stopped attacking and left. He was seriously injured but managed to walk back to safety. He even drove himself to a local hospital.The hardships experienced by people in these stories and the ways they overcame them were very inspiring to me. We all have troubles in our daily lives, but we need to keep things in perspective. There can be chances to change our situation for the better.Photo credit: Janko Ferlic@pexels.comQuizQ1. How long did the man spend in the raft?a) 3 weeksb) 25 daysc) More than a monthQ2. What were the people using the underground railroad trying to escape?a) Slaveryb) Droughtc) FloodsQ3. How many times was the man attacked by the bear?a) Twiceb) Oncec) Five timesScroll down ↓ for the answersA1. cA2. aA3. aAnonymous
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11 .29Which is better: Consistency or speed?
If you were forced to choose between being consistent or speedy, what would be your choice? Now, many people might feel compelled to answer, “well, I would choose both.” But besides this being a cheat answer to the hypothetical question, you may want to think about the implications for this preference. In the end, rather than focusing on too many things at once, we should aim for being a dependable, rather than fast, person.
Of course, being able to consistently meet deadlines while also finishing tasks well before their deadlines would be great in your future workplace. However, the truth is that we don’t have unlimited time in such demanding environments. There are only so many hours in the day to complete seemingly never-ending work. The implication here is that by choosing to pursue both traits, we place equal importance on them. Why is this troublesome? Well, a professor once told me, “If everything is important, then nothing is important.” Indeed, when we choose everything equally, we are, in fact, choosing not to place higher importance on anything. Realistically, just as some work tasks should have higher priority than others, so too is there higher importance for the traits we decide to develop in ourselves. We must understand that not all attributes are created equally.
Now, going back to the question, I ask you once more, which of the two traits would you choose? To give you the answer, let me provide you with a real-world example. Before moving to Japan, I worked for a large corporation in the United States. Within this company, I worked closely with a diverse team of co-workers to complete deadlines together. My fellow workers came from various backgrounds and had many different preferences and work styles. Amongst them, there were people who preferred to power through tasks and finish them as soon as they were assigned. This may seem great, yet these people lacked the consistency to keep this up for long. Yes, some tasks were finished quickly, but others would go unnoticed for weeks at a time. Ultimately, I couldn’t trust these employees to follow through on tasks and had to keep reminding them to make sure that they would meet the deadlines.
Next, there were other types of co-workers who were the opposite. I might have sent them an email and then not heard back from them for several days. For sure, this was not considered fast compared to the abovementioned workers who would respond within seconds. The difference here was that I could always count on these people to meet the deadlines despite completing things at a slower pace. Where they lacked in speed, they most certainly made it up in being dependable.
Overall, in your future workplace, you might first strive to portray every positive attribute at the same time. But once you come to the realization that we cannot always do things perfectly, you will adjust your priorities. When this day comes, I hope you will become the type of person that others can depend on.
Photo credit: nappy@pexels.com
Quiz
Q1. What does 'if everything is important, then nothing is important' mean?
Q2. What does the author mean by the word ‘consistency,’ and what is the author’s opinion about it?
Q3. What does the author mean by the word ‘speed,’ and what is the author’s opinion about it?
Scroll down ↓ for the answers
A1. By placing equal importance on everything, we do not distinguish one thing from another. Therefore, our priorities are spread too thin, and ultimately, nothing becomes important.
A2. Consistency is when someone is dependable and always finishes a task in the end. The author believes that, while consistent people do not always complete tasks quickly, knowing that they will follow through on the task is better.
A3. Speed is when someone finishes a task quickly. The author believes that, while it is great to finish tasks speedily, many speedy people cannot continue this consistently and sometimes do not finish tasks.
Shawn Andersson -
11 .22Going on a Bug Hunt
Japan has a wide variety of insects. The hot humid summers and the less frequent use of agricultural insecticides means that insects thrive in Japan. Japanese culture and the Japanese education system encourage an interest in bugs and insects that many other countries do not support. In summer in Japan, you can easily walk into a DIY store or sometimes supermarkets to buy either goods for catching insects or live stag beetles of various types. One-hundred-yen stores bring their stock of nets, cages, insect food and accessories to the front of the store for a summer of insect-hunting. While you might be able to find some of the same goods in some Walmart stores or similar big-box stores, keeping insects as pets is much less common outside Japan. Most people buy bug spray in the summer rather than bug nets and bug food. If you want to buy live insects, you often have to go to specialty pet stores, where they sell live insects as food for snakes and reptiles.
The bug hunting obsession has caught on with my children too. Every rainy season as the muggy humid conditions shift to sweltering heat, signalling the start of summer, my kids bring out the big encyclopaedia of insects. The pages with life-size pictures of stag beetles are well thumbed and adorned with sticky notes. They sit together and plan which ones they are going to catch. However, each year we end up buying beetles from a store or visiting the “Kabuto Mushi House” near Hiezan. They have yet to catch anything in real life, but this year might prove to be different.
By luck, as my son was closing the window a young stag beetle flew into the bug screen on the window. Becoming trapped between the window and the bug screen, the beetle was easily caught by my son. This sudden new information that they could catch beetles at the back of the house encouraged them even more. They needed more information and before I could say anything they had booked us all on a bug hunting training session at the local nature reserve. My wife who hates all types of insects agreed after much argument and persuasion, so we headed out one evening for a very dark nature reserve.
Walking slowly around the nature reserve led by the guide, we learned how to make banana traps to attract stag beetles. Old bananas are fermented and then inserted into a semi-permeable tube, such as pantyhose. The fermented bananas then very slowly ooze out of the tube, which is tied to a tree. Stag beetles love the smell of the banana pulp and fly to the tree. Landing on the tree, the beetles suck out the banana pulp. You can then easily catch them. The guide showed us several stag beetles that were feasting on their dinner of fermented bananas.
So, the bug hunting obsession is renewed again in our house. The kids are armed with new bug cages, nets, bug food, very old and smelly bananas, and a handful of old pantyhose taken from my wife’s sock drawer. My wife will soon find out why the kids are stuffing her pantyhose with smelly old bananas and hanging them outside the kitchen door. Hopefully, she won’t be too upset about the pantyhose, although I think she might be upset if they attract too many bugs.
Photo Credit: Cervus@pexels.com
Quiz
Q1. What is more common in Japan than other countries?
Eating bugs
Using spray to kill bugs
Keeping insects as pets
Q2. What is an "agricultural insecticide''?
A type of bug
A spray to attract insects
A chemical used by farmers to kill insects.
Q3. What do you need to trap stag beetles?
Fermented bananas and pantyhose
A net covered in honey
A cage
Scroll down ↓ for the answers
A1. c
A2. c
A3. a
Anonymous -
11 .15Color and Gender: Mother’s Struggle in Choosing Her Daughter’s Clothing
Do you have any colors you like to wear? I like black and white best, but I also wear red, green, and blue. Adults choose whatever color they like. What about children? You rarely see a kindergarten boy wearing a pink shirt or a little girl wearing a dinosaur printed T-shirt in your neighborhood.
That’s because there are gender norms in our society: we unknowingly follow the social values of women being womanly and men being manly. We are not asked or ordered, but we tend to follow the rules. These social norms limit one's actions and choices in life. It has been pointed out that women, in particular, are disadvantaged in their daily lives and in situations such as finding employment. I knew it was not a good idea to do anything that would instil such norms in children from an early age.
However, when I had a daughter of my own, I faced a problem when it came to choosing her clothes. In the kids wear section, there is a clear distinction between clothes for girls and for boys. The colors of girls' clothes are pink and pastel colors with flowers, strawberries, or ribbon motifs. For boys, the main colors are blue and green, and the patterns are mostly vehicles and dinosaurs. If you had to choose from the two, who would choose boys’ wear for girls?
When I have to purchase my daughter’s necessities, I am always faced with a dilemma. My 65-year-old mother used to say that girls should wear pink and bought her granddaughter pink clothes. I talked to my mother about the issue, and then, she accepted my idea and tried to choose other colors too. Yet sometimes I don't know what the right thing to do is. My daughter was often mistaken for a boy. Each time it happened, I wondered if I should have dressed her in pink. However, I didn't want to end up in a situation like the one in JeongMee Yoon’s photographs. The artist took pictures of contrasting children's rooms: girls' rooms filled with pink, and boys’ rooms filled with blue. This is what I've been worrying about ever since she was born. Now I try to balance between my beliefs and common sense.
The other day, I had to prepare a pair of sandals for my daughter because she uses them at daycare. I’d been looking at several online stores and finally decided to get pink ones with white polka dots. I liked the functionality and the reasonable price. How do you think my daughter reacted to the sandals? For the first time, she got interested in her stuff and wanted to put them on by herself!
According to Hidemi Horikoshi's "Do Girls Really Like Pink?", many parents in Japan and abroad are troubled by the fact that their young girls have become obsessed with pink. I shudder at the thought that one day my daughter will be crazy about pink.
JeongMee Yoon’s website: http://www.jeongmeeyoon.com/aw_pinkblue.htm
堀越英美『女の子は本当にピンクが好きなのか』（河出文庫、2019）
Photo Credit: The Author
Quiz
Q1. According to the article, what pictures are usually on boys' clothes?
Robots and spaceships
Vehicles and dinosaurs
Trees and flowers
Q2. Did the author's mother respect the author's views on children's clothing?
Yes, she did
No, she didn’t
She didn’t give an opinion
Q3. What were the sandals the author bought for her daughter like?
Pink with white polka dots
Pink with green polka dots
Pink and white stripes
Scroll down ↓ for the answers
A1. b
A2. a
A3. a
Yumi Yamamoto -
11 .08An Urban Nature
I’m from a small city called Lichfield in the middle of the UK. It has a long history, but probably the most famous person from there is Dr Samuel Johnson (1709-1784). He wrote a dictionary that the Oxford English Dictionary – and all following English dictionaries were and, are modelled on. I once had coffee in Dr Johnson’s house, but that’s a story for another time…
In Japan, I have lived in Osaka, Shizuoka and Aichi prefectures and a few years ago I moved to Kyoto. I do not live in the city centre, but I do not live in the countryside either – kind of on the edge. Of course, with this being Kyoto, there are many beautiful temples and places of interest, but I like nature.
The town I live in is quiet and there are many trees and mountains nearby. Also, there is a small stream near my house and that is the most interesting. There are river crabs and crayfish in it and occasionally there are frogs too. I sometimes see birds or weasels fishing in it, and I’ve even had a raccoon come up and sniff my shoe while by this stream.
Perhaps the best time by this stream is in June – that is when the fireflies come out. Although I’ve lived in Japan a long time and I lived in Mishima, Shizuoka (which has a firefly festival), I had never seen fireflies until moving to this area last year. In June, I can now sit outside my front door and watch them every night for a week. They are fascinating and move gracefully like I imagine Tinker-Bell would do.
This year I spent every night of the firefly season (sometimes until 3am) watching and photographing these wonderful creatures. Of the, probably, hundreds of photos I took, I may have got one or two that were kind of not too bad. However, I was happy with that and felt privileged to see them again this year.
They are beautiful predators – yes, they are hunters. And, they have lived for nearly a hundred million years, but worldwide populations of fireflies are declining and that is mostly because of us. We are destroying their environment. I see this in my stream, as people throw their bottles, cans or cigarette ends into this precious ecosystem.
This stream died before and the local residents cleaned it and made it a safe place for all these animals to live once again. There is hope that we can keep it safe and clean for all of the amazing animals. And if it can happen in one small place in Kyoto, it can spread to more places.
Photo Credit: The Author
Quiz
Q1. When was Johnson born?
1784
1794
1709
Q2. How many places do we know the writer has lived?
5
4
2
Q3. What is causing the decline in firefly populations
Us (humans)
Drought
An increase in predators
Scroll down ↓ for the answers
A1. c
A2. a
A3. a
Gareth Howells -
10 .11Magic Baths
I’m gonna let you guys in on a little secret: you, too, can travel to your favourite onsen! First, you’ll need a Magic Bathtub. Next, you’ll need to get BATHCLIN’S Famous Hot Springs of Japan Bath Salts. Each package you buy has 14 sachets for 8 famous onsen locations. (I have learned not to ask questions like Why not 16 for 2 places each?) Anyway, here are my top three. The places may be a bit far away, but with a little imagination you can get there in the time it takes to fill up your tub.
The third best place I would recommend going to is Kurokawa Onsen in Kumamoto. Its cloudy green fragrance will call to mind gentle wildflowers drifting in the refreshing breeze that passes through the mountain stream of the Tanoharu River. If you wear a wooden pass, you will be able to hear faint, distant echoes like those made from inside a deep rock cave.
The second is Nyuto Onsen in Akita. Its creamy whiteness will bring before your eyes marshmallow-like snow-clad hills and cranes spreading their wings as they fly by above you while you sip your Dewatsuru Junmai Nigori. Your bruises, cuts, and skin problems, such as eczema, will disappear as you pour water over your body with a natural hinoki bath bucket.
But the best place I’ve ever been to in a bathtub is Beppu Onsen in Oita. A warm scent with a hint of Japanese citrus in the rising steam will engulf your apartment, now reminiscent of a retro hot spring town. Two old ladies are in your kitchen busily preparing the local Hell Steam Cuisine. Boiling in their hell pots are bamboo baskets filled with eggs, sweet potatoes, and ears of corn. It’s a quaint little town providing quaint little memories. Like the time that little girl with an ice-cream cone came up to you and asked if you had seen her pet bird Nibi.
Photo Credit:hiroooooki@Wikimedia Commons
Quiz:
Q1. Which is the first onsen mentioned?
Q2. Which onsen helps with skin problems?
Q3. Which is the best onsen mentioned?
Scroll down ↓ for the answers
A1. Kurokawa Onsen
A2. Nyuto Onsen
A3. Beppu Onsen
Paul Meyer -
09 .27Kyoto Tower
What is 131 meters tall, changes color, and has steam coming out from under it? If you answered Kyoto Tower, then you can stop reading because you probably know more about it than I do. If not, keep reading because Kyoto Tower is one of the most iconic buildings in Japan, and you should know more about it.
By most accounts, the story of Kyoto Tower begins with the relocation of Kyoto’s Central Post Office in 1961. With this move, a large tract of land facing Kyoto Station’s Northern Central Exit became available for redevelopment. Such large parcels are rare in old cities like Kyoto, something that was not lost on businesspeople, politicians, and civic leaders of the day, so everyone agreed that the space should be used for the public good. A company was formed, a prominent architect hired, and the work of creating a suitable structure was begun.
Originally, the structure was not intended to be a tower, but rather a modern nine-story building with a modest observation facility on its roof. After all, Kyoto city had laws that limited the height of all buildings to 31 meters—the height of a nine-story structure. It seemed impossible that something taller than that could be built.
However, the 1960s had just begun; Japan’s growth rate was above 10 percent, Tokyo would be hosting the Olympics, and a new bullet train would be connecting Japan’s previous capital with its current one. The times were ripe for people to think big, and at that point in history, thinking big often meant building a tower. Osaka had Tsutenkaku (1943), Tokyo had Tokyo Tower (1957), and even Yokohama had Marine Tower (1961).
In English there is an expression, “where there is a will, there is a way”, which means that if someone wants something badly enough, he or she will find a way to get it. This certainly seems true for the people who wanted to build a tower. To overcome the obstacle of a 31-meter height limit, a loophole was found. Since even the tallest buildings were allowed to have structures like elevator shafts and water tanks on their roofs, why couldn’t a 100-meter tower be considered “a rooftop structure”? Experts were consulted, the possibility of building a rooftop tower was confirmed, and the rest is history. The 131-meter structure—which contains a hotel, restaurants, steamy public bath, and 100-meter tower—was opened to the public on December 28, 1964. Today, Kyoto Tower continues to be used for the common good. In addition to housing the facilities mentioned above, its colorfully illuminated silhouette acts as a guide to those seeking Kyoto Station after a hard day's work or a night on the town.
Photo Credit: Eva Elijas@pexels.com
Blog Quiz
1. Before Kyoto Tower was built, what was on that land?
a. The Central Post Office
b. The Century Hotel
c. Yodobashi Camera
2. Before Kyoto Tower was built, the tallest buildings in Kyoto city were around __ .
a. 31 meters
b. 100 meters
c. 131 meters
3. What is the source of the steam coming out from under Kyoto Tower?
a. A police station (Koban)
b. A public bath
c. The subway
Scroll down ↓ for the answers to the quiz.
Quiz Answers
A1. A
A2. A
A3. B
Robert Perkins -
09 .20Planning a staycation
If you can’t go on a trip, there are ways to experience the excitement of travel from the comfort of home. To enjoy your staycation, you should plan what you would like to do in advance. Here are a few ideas to get you started.
When you read a book or watch a movie set in another country, you can get absorbed in the story and feel like you’re in another place. Watching movies with subtitles can give you the experience of hearing different languages spoken. It might be fun to try a different genre of book or movie; for example, if you usually choose dramas, you could try crime or science fiction. Another idea is to visit a museum online. In fact, many galleries around the world have started offering virtual tours.
If you’re craving something different, then try pairing your movie or book with a new dish. Cooking is a sensory experience, so it can make you feel like you have traveled to another place. For example, you can smell the aroma of fresh ingredients, hear the sounds of the food cooking, and taste new flavors. If you aren’t interested in cooking, you can order something different at a local restaurant or buy imported foods at the supermarket instead.
If you prefer to spend time outdoors, then think about ways to do familiar activities in new ways. You can take a different path on your walk or run, or you can or spend time at nearby places that you don’t often visit. In fact, it is likely that there are interesting spots in your area, so try to be a tourist in your own city and then tune in to the sounds around you and challenge yourself to notice something new. Taking photos is an effective way to see your neighborhood in a different way. And after all, taking pictures is an important part of any vacation.
By planning activities that you would like to do, you’ll be able to get the most out of your staycation!
Photo Credit: jess-loiterton@pexels.com
Blog Quiz
1. In the author’s opinion, what is the key to enjoying a staycation?
A. Doing outdoor activities
B. Planning your staycation
C. Taking a virtual tour
2. According to the article, why can cooking help you feel like you’re on vacation?
A. Because cooking is an activity that uses the senses
B. Because everyone is interested in cooking
C. Because you can take an online cooking class
3. According to the article, what can you do to see your local environment in a new way?
A. Go for a run instead of a walk
B. Cook a dish with local ingredients
C. Take pictures
Scroll down ↓ for the answers to the quiz.
Quiz Answers
A1. B
A2. A
A3. C
Mary Hillis -
08 .09What are the materials of communication?
When building a house, the most important material is probably wood, but it’s never the only material that’s necessary or useful. Metal, steel, and other construction materials are also needed. In combination with wood, each of these materials has its own special purpose. When we communicate, we also use various materials that help to “construct our message”.
Language is never the only material that is necessary or useful. Sometimes people communicate with just a gesture (maybe waving hello) or a facial expression (smiling or frowning). However, we communicate most often by using different communication materials together, in combination. These different communication materials are called modes. The modes of communication include speaking, writing, gestures, facial expressions, photos, colors, and more. Using modes together is called multimodal communication.
A PowerPoint presentation is an excellent example of multimodal communication. It combines speaking (sound modes) with what is displayed on the screen (visual modes). In a PowerPoint presentation each mode has its own job to do. It’s important to understand that, even though speaking and writing are both language, they are two different modes and not the same. In a PowerPoint presentation, speaking is the most important mode, and the visual modes on the screen—the writing, graphs, photos, and various colors—support the spoken message. The PowerPoint audience doesn’t read a presentation—they listen and watch it. The few words and sentences on the screen are just key points to help the audience to follow or remember. The color mode in PowerPoint is most often used to highlight and emphasize key information.
In PowerPoint, the image modes can do different kinds of supportive work. Images create audience interest (a blank screen or a screen with just words is just boring). Images can also be used for the audience to identify the topic and what the speaker is talking about at various points of the presentation. Photo images can also be used to demonstrate actions (not just describing actions) or to show proof that something is real or really happened. Actions are another kind of supportive work. The speaker might use eye contact, facial expressions, or physically move around to interact with the audience. The presenter might point to different parts of the screen. Or the presenter could use gestures to demonstrate something. These are all action modes.
Just as it is necessary to understand different construction materials for buildings, it is necessary to understand different composition materials of communication. We need to consider all the modes and how they work together to effectively communicate the information and message we want to convey in our presentations.
Photo Credit: pexels-pixabay@pexels.com
Blog Quiz
Q1. What does multimodal communication mean?
A. Communicating with many people
B. Combining speaking, writing, images, and actions
C. Speaking more than one language
D. None of the above
Q2. How can an image on the screen contribute to a PowerPoint presentation?
A. It can make the presentation less boring
B. It can show what the presenter is talking about
C. It can demonstrate how something works
D. All of the above
Q3. Why are there words on the screen in a PowerPoint presentation?
A. To combine the different modes for the audience
B. To help the audience follow what the speaker is saying
C. So the presenter can physically interact with the audience
D. So the audience can read the presentation if they prefer not to listen
Scroll down ↓ for the answers to the quiz.
Quiz Answers
A1.B
A2.D
A3.B
Lisa Nobeta