March 2008 Volume 43 Number 4 Articles: TSUJI Katsuji Promotion Disparities within a Company and Intergenerational Social Mobility: Case study: Toyota (1910〜2000) FUKASAWA Atsushi The Formation and Development of the Family Allowances Scheme in France: Focusing on the “Caisse de Compensation de la Région Parisienne” after the First World War KAWAGUCHI Shinichi Research on the Municipal Parks of Chicago:Issues and perspectives OKUMURA Nobuyuki Necessity to Watchdog Media for Better Society: A Study of the Philosophy and Methodology of Journalism NGOs in the United States Sally McLaren Gender and Beyond: Audiences, Critical Perspectives and Media Literacy SHIOMI Shunichi Review about Generation of Professional Wrestling in Initial Japan in Postwar Days: The development of a Pro Judo in 1950’s TSUKUDA Aki One Consideration for the Re-formulation of “Successful Aging”: Application and consideration of the Gerotranscendence Theory MATSUSHIMA Tsuyoshi Consideration Concerning Conflict about the Code of Rugby Football: Analysis of the transition of the Laws of the Game and demands for revision etc Essay: MATSUBA Masafumi On the Ownership Problem of J. J. Rousseau: Focusing on the Three Selected Works